安装配置zsh作为默认shell
安装配置zsh和ohmyzsh，替代默认的bash
背景
zsh的功能极其强大，只是配置过于复杂，起初只有极客才在用。后来，一些极客为了让更多人受益，开发了Oh-my-zsh这个插件，用来简化zsh的配置，让zsh更加容易上手。
官网地址：
https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh
安装
首先安装 zsh：
sudo apt install zsh zsh-doc
然后安装ohmyzsh:
sh -c "$(wget -O- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
DNS 污染问题：
如果遇到 DNS 污染，导致 raw.githubusercontent.com 被解析到 127.0.0.1 或者 0.0.0.1 导致无法访问。需要修改 hosts 文件:
sudo vi /etc/hosts
增加一行：
199.232.68.133 raw.githubusercontent.com
中途询问是否把zsh作为默认 shell 时选择Y：
Do you want to change your default shell to zsh? [Y/n] Y
Changing the shell...
配置
关闭自动粘贴转义
Oh-my-zsh 默认开启自动粘贴转义，容易造成问题，建议关闭。
vi ~/.zshrc
修改 .zshrc 文件：
# Uncomment the following line if pasting URLs and other text is messed up.
# 把这里的注释取消即可
DISABLE_MAGIC_FUNCTIONS="true"
配置插件
https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Plugins
Oh-my-zsh 默认将插件存放在 ~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins 目录下，数量非常多：
➜ ~ cd .oh-my-zsh/plugins
➜ plugins git:(master) ls
adb composer frontend-search ipfs n98-magerun redis-cli terraform
ag copybuffer fzf isodate nanoc repo textastic
aliases copydir gas iterm2 ng ripgrep textmate
alias-finder copyfile gatsby jake-node nmap ros thefuck
ansible cp gb jenv node rsync themes
ant cpanm gcloud jfrog nomad ruby thor
apache2-macports dash geeknote jhbuild npm rust tig
arcanist debian gem jira npx rustup timer
archlinux deno genpass jruby nvm rvm tmux
asdf dircycle gh jsontools oc safe-paste tmux-cssh
autoenv direnv git jump octozen salt tmuxinator
autojump dirhistory git-auto-fetch kate osx samtools torrent
autopep8 dirpersist git-escape-magic keychain otp sbt transfer
aws django git-extras kitchen pass scala tugboat
battery dnf gitfast knife paver scd ubuntu
bazel dnote git-flow knife_ssh pep8 screen ufw
bbedit docker git-flow-avh kops percol scw universalarchive
bedtools docker-compose github kubectl per-directory-history sdk urltools
bgnotify docker-machine git-hubflow kubectx perl sfdx vagrant
boot2docker doctl gitignore kube-ps1 perms sfffe vagrant-prompt
bower dotenv git-lfs lando phing shell-proxy vault
branch dotnet git-prompt laravel pip shrink-path vim-interaction
brew droplr glassfish laravel4 pipenv singlechar vi-mode
bundler drush globalias laravel5 pj spring virtualenv
cabal eecms gnu-utils last-working-dir please sprunge virtualenvwrapper
cake emacs golang lein pm2 ssh-agent vscode
cakephp3 ember-cli gpg-agent lighthouse pod stack vundle
capistrano emoji gradle lol postgres sublime wakeonlan
cargo emoji-clock grails lxd pow sublime-merge wd
cask emotty grc macports powder sudo web-search
catimg encode64 grunt magic-enter powify supervisor wp-cli
celery extract gulp man profiles suse xcode
chruby fabric hanami marked2 pyenv svcat yarn
chucknorris fancy-ctrl-z helm mercurial pylint svn yii
cloudfoundry fasd heroku meteor python svn-fast-info yii2
codeclimate fastfile history microk8s rails swiftpm yum
coffee fbterm history-substring-search minikube rake symfony z
colemak fd hitchhiker mix rake-fast symfony2 zbell
colored-man-pages firewalld hitokoto mix-fast rand-quote systemadmin zeus
colorize flutter homestead mongocli rbenv systemd zoxide
command-not-found fnm httpie mosh rbfu taskwarrior zsh-interactive-cd
common-aliases forklift invoke mvn react-native terminitor zsh-navigation-tools
compleat fossil ionic mysql-macports rebar term_tab zsh_reload
比较常用的：
- git
- golang
- rust / rustup
- docker / docker-compose / docker-machine
- kubectl
- npm / node
- mvn
- sudo
- helm
- redis-cli
- ubuntu / ufw
- wd
- zsh-autosuggestions
- zsh-syntax-highlighting
- history-substring-search
小结
最后启动的插件如下所示：
plugins=(git golang rust docker docker-compose docker-machine kubectl npm node mvn sudo helm redis-cli ubuntu ufw wd zsh-autosuggestions zsh-syntax-highlighting history-substring-search)
配置样式
https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Themes
暂时先用默认。
附录：常用插件用法
git插件
开启 git 插件后就可以使用以下简写命令了：
更多细节参见：
https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/tree/master/plugins/git
wd插件
可以快速切换到常用目录。
先安装 wd:
wget --no-check-certificate https://github.com/mfaerevaag/wd/raw/master/install.sh -O - | sh
使用方法：
# 进入某个目录
cd work/code/learning
pwd
/home/sky/work/code/learning
# 添加到wd
wd add learning
# 之后就可以用wd命令直接进入了
wd learning
# 方便期间，常见的学习笔记都加入wd，以l为前缀
/home/sky/work/code/learning/learning-rust
wd add lrust
详细使用参考：https://github.com/mfaerevaag/wd
sudo插件
按 2 次 esc 会在命令前自动输入 sudo
zsh-autosuggestions插件
根据历史记录智能自动补全命令，输入命令时会以暗色补全，按方向键右键完成输入。
安装命令：
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions
zsh-syntax-highlighting插件
fish shell 风格的语法高亮插件。输入的命令根据主题自动高亮。
安装命令：
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting
history-substring-search 插件
历史命令搜索插件，如果和 zsh-syntax-highlighting 插件共用，要配置到语法高亮插件之后。
安装命令：
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-history-substring-search.git $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/history-substring-search